Components commonly individually cooled include the CPU, graphics processing unit (GPU) and the northbridge. This is generally known as Thermal Throttling in the case of reduction of clock speeds, or Thermal Shutdown in the case of a complete shutdown of the device or system.Ĭooling may be designed to reduce the ambient temperature within the case of a computer, such as by exhausting hot air, or to cool a single component or small area (spot cooling). All modern day processors are designed to cut out or reduce their voltage or clock speed if the internal temperature of the processor exceeds a specified limit. There are also more exotic cooling techniques, such as liquid cooling. Computer fans are widely used along with heatsink fans to reduce temperature by actively exhausting hot air. Attention to patterns of airflow can prevent the development of hotspots. Use of heatsinks cooled by airflow reduces the temperature rise produced by a given amount of heat. Components that are susceptible to temporary malfunction or permanent failure if overheated include integrated circuits such as central processing units (CPUs), chipsets, graphics cards, and hard disk drives.Ĭomponents are often designed to generate as little heat as possible, and computers and operating systems may be designed to reduce power consumption and consequent heating according to workload, but more heat may still be produced than can be removed without attention to cooling. Vertical aluminium profiles are used as heatsinks.Ĭomputer cooling is required to remove the waste heat produced by computer components, to keep components within permissible operating temperature limits. The process of removing waste heat from a computerĪ finned air cooled heatsink with fan clipped onto a CPU, with a smaller passive heatsink without fan in the background A 3-fan heatsink mounted on a video card to maximize cooling efficiency of the GPU and surrounding components Commodore 128DCR computer's switch-mode power supply, with a user-installed 60 mm cooling fan.
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